Vienna Rolls Bread Rolls Recipes

Steps:

• Sift the flour, salt, dried yeast and sugar into a bowl. Make a well in the centre and pour in the milk.
• Mix in and knead to form a smooth dough, then turn the dough onto a work surface and knead for about 10 minutes.
• Put the dough in a greased bowl, cover with clingfilm and leave it to rise in a warm place for 1-1 1/2 hours until doubled in size.
• Punch the dough down in the bowl to knock the air out, and then gradually work in the softened butter a little at a time.
• The dough will now be very sticky to work with, but just continue working on until the butter is blended in evenly.
• Turn it out onto a lightly floured work surface and shape the dough into a ball and cut the ball into 16 bits.
• Roll each ball out into a long sausage-shaped roll, and then tie each roll into a knot.
• Place each roll onto a greased baking tray and brush the top of the rolls with the beaten egg.
• Loosely cover the baking sheet with a clingfilm and leave it to rise again in a warm place for about half an hour.
• Meanwhile, pre-heat the oven to gas mark 5/375°F/190°C.
• Bake in the centre shelf of the oven for about 20 minutes or until golden brown.
• Remove from oven and transfer on to a wire rack to cool.

Steps:

• Remove the pâte fermentée from the refrigerator 1 hour before making the dough. Cut it into about 10 small pieces with a pastry scraper or serrated knife. Cover with a towel or plastic wrap and let sit for 1 hour to take off the chill.
• Stir together the flour, sugar, malt powder (if using), salt, and yeast in a 4-quart bowl (or in the bowl of an electric mixer). Add the pâte fermentée pieces, egg, butter, malt syrup (if using), and 3/4 cup of the water. Stir together with a large metal spoon (or mix on low speed with the paddle attachment) until the ingredients form a ball. If not all the flour is absorbed, add the remaining 2 tablespoons water, or as much as is necessary to make the dough soft and supple, not firm and stiff.
• Sprinkle flour on the counter and transfer the dough to the counter. Knead for about 10 minutes (or mix on medium speed with the dough hook for 6 minutes), adding flour if needed to make a firm but supple dough, slightly tacky but not sticky. The dough should pass the windowpane test (page 58) and register 77° to 81°F. Lightly oil a bowl and transfer the dough to the bowl, rolling it around to coat it with oil. Cover the bowl with plastic wrap.
• Ferment at room temperature for 2 hours. If the dough doubles in size before then, remove it from the bowl and knead for a few seconds to degas it (the "punch down") and then return it to the bowl to continue fermenting until 2 hours have elapsed or until the dough doubles in size again.
• Remove the dough from the bowl and divide it into 2 equal pieces for loaves, or into 9 to 12 smaller pieces (3 to 4 ounces each) for pistolets. Shape larger pieces into boules (page 72) or smaller pieces into rolls (page 82). Mist the dough lightly with spray oil, cover with a towel or plastic wrap, and let the dough rest for 20 minutes.
• Shape the larger pieces into bâtards (page 73) or the smaller pieces into pistolets (page 80). Line a sheet pan with baking parchment, dust with semolina flour or cornmeal, and transfer the dough to the pan. Mist the dough lightly with spray oil and cover the pan loosely with plastic.
• Proof at room temperature for 60 to 90 minutes, or until the loaves or rolls have risen to approximately 1 3/4 times their original size.
• Prepare the oven for hearth baking as described on pages 91-94, making sure to have an empty steam pan in place. Preheat the oven to 450°F. Just prior to baking, mist the loaves or rolls with water and dust lightly with bread flour by tapping some through a sieve or by flinging the flour across the surface of the dough. Score the loaves or rolls down the center as shown on page 90, or leave the rolls uncut.
• Slide the loaves directly onto the baking stone, parchment and all, or place the sheet pan with the loaves or rolls in the oven. Pour 1 cup hot water into the steam pan and close the oven door. After 30 seconds, open the door, spray the oven walls with water, and close the door. Repeat twice more at 30-second intervals. After the final spray, lower the oven setting to 400°F and bake for 10 minutes. Rotate the breads 180 degrees, if necessary, for even baking and continue baking until they are a medium golden brown and register at least 200°F at the center. This should take anywhere from 5 additional minutes for rolls to 20 minutes for loaves.
• Remove the loaves or rolls from the oven and transfer them to a cooling rack. Cool for at least 45 minutes before slicing or serving.
• BREAD PROFILE
• Enriched, standard dough; indirect method; commercial yeast
• DAYS TO MAKE: 2
• Day 1: 1 1/4 hours pâte fermentée
• Day 2: 1 hour to de-chill pâte fermentée; 10 to 12 minutes mixing; 3 1/2 to 4 hours fermentation, shaping, and proofing; 20 to 35 minutes baking
• Commentary
• This version of Vienna dough is improved by the pre-ferment method that I've been touting throughout this book. You will rarely find another version made in quite this same way, as most Vienna bread formulas are made by the direct-dough method. But the use of more than 100 percent pre-ferment adds so much character to the bread that I'll never turn back. Vienna rolls made from this dough are a huge hit at Johnson & Wales, where students eagerly line up for sandwiches whenever we send these rolls to the dining hall.
• BAKER'S PERCENTAGE FORMULA
• Vienna Bread %
• Pâte fermentée: 108%
• Bread flour: 100%
• Sugar: 4.2%
• Malt powder: 2.1%
• Salt: 2.1%
• Instant yeast: .92%
• Egg: 13.8%
• Butter: 4.2%
• Water (approx.): 54.2%
• Total: 289.5%
• GRACE NOTE: Dutch Crunch or Mottled Bread
• Dutch crunch is one of many names given to bread made with a special mottled topping. It doesn't refer to any particular formula, as the crunch topping can be spread on pretty much any type of bread. But if you grew up with a certain brand of Dutch crunch, you may associate it with particular styles of bread, like a chewy white bread or a light wheat loaf. Dutch bakers were among the many northern European bread makers who popularized this style of garnishing loaves, and the method caught on quickly in certain regions of America when it was first introduced. I find that Austrian-style bread, with its slightly enriched but chewy texture, is particularly suited to this treatment, which is a slurry paste made with rice flour, sugar, yeast, oil, salt, and water. However, feel free to use it on any type of sandwich dough or enriched breads (but not on lean French bread dough, with its hard crust). The paste is brushed on the dough either right before the final proofing stage, or just before the bread goes into the oven. (If you brush it on before proofing, the separation and mottling is greater and more dramatic; brushing it on just before baking results in a more even coating.) The paste is fermented by the yeast, and it grows while the dough grows. But because the rice flour has very little gluten to hold it together, it spreads apart and then gelatinizes and caramelizes when the bread is baked. This leaves a mottled, slightly sweet, crunchy coating on the bread that kids find especially mesmerizing. You can use the topping on loaf-pan bread as well as on freestanding loaves.
• Rice flour is available at most natural foods markets. You can use either white or brown rice flour or even Cream of Rice cereal. Alternatives would be fine cornmeal, cornstarch, potato starch, semolina flour, or cake flour (it's low in gluten), but they each deliver a different flavor and texture. Rice flour or Cream of Rice cereal is the most commonly used because it is, well, perfect for the job.
• To make the topping, whisk together, 1 tablespoon bread flour, 3/4 cup rice flour, 3/4 teaspoon instant yeast, 2 teaspoons granulated sugar, 1/4 teaspoon salt, 2 teaspoons vegetable oil, and 6 to 8 tablespoons of water to make a paste. If it seems too thin to spread without running off the top of the dough, add more rice flour. It should be thick enough to spread with a brush, but not so thick that it sits like a lump of mud. This makes enough for 2 to 4 loaves.

Steps:

• In the bowl of a stand mixer fitted with a dough hook, dissolve yeast in warm water. Let sit until mixture bubbles, about 10 minutes. (If mixture does not bubble, either the liquid was not at the correct temperature or the yeast is old.)
• Add 1 1/2 cups of the flour, 1/4 cup of the Parmesan, salt, sugar, and shortening to yeast mixture and stir on low speed until just combined. Add 1 egg white and mix until completely incorporated.
• With mixer running, slowly sprinkle in remaining flour a few tablespoons at a time, until dough pulls away from the sides of the bowl in one mass, about 5 minutes. Continue mixing dough until smooth and elastic, about 8 to 10 minutes more.
• Lightly oil a large bowl with 1 teaspoon of the vegetable oil. Place dough in the bowl and turn to coat in oil. Cover with a damp towel and let rise until doubled in size, about 1 hour. Meanwhile, oil a baking sheet with remaining 2 teaspoons oil and set aside.
• After dough has risen, punch it down and turn it out onto a clean surface. Divide dough into 6 pieces (each about 4 1/2 ounces) and shape into 12-inch ropes.
• To form a roll, tie one rope into a loose knot; you want 3-inch "tails" on either side of the knot. Take the tail that is on top, wrap it underneath the knot, then push it up through the center hole. Bring the second tail over top of the knot and push it down through the center hole. The formed roll will be an elaborate knot that will look the same on top and bottom. Repeat to form 6 rolls.
• Place rolls about 3 inches apart on the oiled baking sheet, cover with a damp towel, and let rise until puffy and about 1 1/2 times larger, about 45 minutes. Meanwhile, heat the oven to 425°F and arrange one rack in the middle and the second on the bottom. Place a metal baking sheet on the bottom rack.
• Mix remaining egg white with cold water in a small bowl until evenly combined. Brush tops of rolls with egg wash, sprinkle evenly with poppy seeds and remaining 1 tablespoon Parmesan, and place on a baking sheet.
• Place ice cubes on the preheated baking sheet, and immediately place baking sheet with rolls on the upper rack. Bake until golden and internal temperature reaches 190°F, about 20 minutes. Transfer rolls to a wire rack to cool for at least 30 minutes.